Europe is facing a pivotal moment. Social and economic inequalities, rapid technological change, anti-democratic forces and geopolitical instability are straining the foundations of the European project.
With democracy and civic space under mounting pressure, civil society organisations, human rights defenders and free media face growing constraints - from restrictive laws and disinformation campaigns to underfunding and public distrust. Deepening polarisation and eroding trust in institutions further undermine Europe’s democratic model.
This study, commissioned by the European Economic and Social Committee, examines the state of implementation of the European Pillar of Social Rights and its Action Plan in 2024
The European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) on 19 June 2025 adopted a resolution to provide the European Commission with a contribution to its 2026 work programme.
This resolution presents recommendations of the European Economic and Social Committee to the legislature 2024-2029. They are based on discussions with social partners and civil society organizations from all walks of life, including young people during the first EESC Civil Society Week, and contain a comprehensive set of actionable steps to strengthen and safeguard democratic principles.
This document seeks to provide input to the Global Coalition for Social Justice. It highlights key messages from EESC opinions on the six priority areas identified by the International Labour Organization (ILO) for immediate action.
Bureaucratic measures will have very little effect on the gender pay gap
In order to address the gender pay gap, the root causes of the gap must be carefully assessed and correctly identified. The EU and the Member States need to take policy action that provides solutions to horizontal and vertical labour market segregation, gender stereotypes and the inadequate provision of child-care and long-term care.
This study looks at the state of gender balance in the European Economic and Social Committee, both at the political (members) and administrative (staff) level, and considers the main factors influencing the gender composition of the Committee.
