Defence-related investments in the EU budget - Related links

European Commission

• Proposal for a REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL amending Regulations (EU) 2021/694, (EU) 2021/695, (EU) 2021/697, (EU) 2021/1153, (EU) 2023/1525 and 2024/795, as regards incentivising defence-related investments in the EU budget to implement the ReArm Europe Plan (European Commission, April 2025)
• Press Release: EU budget set for defence-related boost under new regulation (April 2025)
• Result of the EDF 2024 Calls for Proposals (April 2025)
• Proposal for a Council Regulation establishing the Security Action for Europe (SAFE) through the reinforcement of European defence industry Instrument (March 2025, COM(2025))
• Joint White Paper for European Defence Readiness 2030 (European Commission, High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, March 2025)
• Communication from the Commission: Accommodating increased defence expenditure within the Stability and Growth Pact (March, 2025)
• Communication accommodating defence expenditure (March 2025)
• Discussion Paper: Defence Spending in the European Union (April 2024) 

European Parliament

• ReArm Europe Plan/ Readiness 2030 (Briefing by EPRS, April 2025)
• Press Release Budgets Committee sets out priorities for next long-term EU budget | News | European Parliament (April, 2025)
• Defence financing and spending under the Economic Governance framework (In-Depth Analysis, EGOV, March, 2025)
• Financing the European defence industry (Briefing by EPRS, September, 2024)
• Improving the quality of European defence spending (Study by the EPRS, November 2024) 

Think tanks and other organisations

• Squaring the (Budgetary) Circle Proposals on the 7th MFF (2028-2034) (BusinessEurope, May 2025)
• The proposed European Defence Mechanism: questions and answers (Zettelmeyer, Steinbach, Wolff, Bruegel, April 2025)
• The governance and funding of European rearmament (Wolff, Steinbach, Zettelmeyer, Bruegel, April 2025)
• From free-riders to front loaders (Arnal/ Blockmans, CEPS, April 2025)
• Sustainability rules are not a block on EU defence financing, but reputational fears are: Bruegel Analysis (Merler, March 2025)
• The problem of missing European public goods from the ReArm Europe plan (Beetsma, Buti, Nicoli, Bruegel, March 2025)
• Dilemmas for the EU in deficit-financing of defence expenditure and maintenance of fiscal discipline (Lucio Pench, Bruegel, March 2025)
• Defending Europe without the US: first estimates of what is needed (Burilkov, Wolff, Bruegel, february 2025)
• European public goods: the time for action is now (Janse/ Beetsma/ Buti/ Regling/ Thygesen, Bruegel, January 2025)
• The Multiannual Financial Framework after 2027: Financing the EU’s global ambitions (European Centre for Development Policy Management, January 2025)
• Should the European Union’s fiscal rules bend to accommodate the defence transition? (Lucio Pench, Bruegel, October 2024)
• Financing European air defence through European Union debt (Steinbach, Wolff, September 2024)
• The impact of the War in Ukraine on the European Defence market (Institut de Relations Internationales et Stratégiques, Jean-Pierre Maulny, September 2023)