One Health: Why Europe’s future depends on protecting people and the planet

EESC calls for integrated EU strategy linking environment, food and health policies to safeguard citizens’ wellbeing.

At its September plenary, the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) adopted an own-initiative opinion on One Health, setting out a comprehensive vision for how Europe can protect human wellbeing in the face of mounting environmental and health threats.

The opinion builds on lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing “triple planetary crisis” of climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution. Its central message is simple but urgent: the state of our environment directly shapes the health of citizens.

“Our focus is clear: a healthy planet means healthy people,” says Nicoleta Merlo, rapporteur of the opinion. “If Europe is serious about tackling climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution, we must break the silos. Environment, agriculture, food, trade and health policies need to work together—and be backed by real funding.”

The One Health approach recognises that clean air, safe water, fertile soil and sustainable food systems are not abstract environmental goals—they are the very basis of healthy lives. The opinion warns against harmful substances in packaging and other materials, the impacts of rising temperatures, and pollution that can affect both physical and mental health.

Arnaud Schwartz, co-rapporteur, stresses the economic and social dimension: “Prevention is better than cure—it’s the ultimate investment for humanity. Protect nature, monitor risks and stop crises before they start. That’s how we safeguard our future prosperity and resilience.”

To move from principles to action, the EESC urges the EU to adopt a strong One Health strategy and action plan, with real financial commitments. Concrete measures should include promoting sustainable, safe and nutritious food systems, protecting ecosystems, and investing in education and training so that communities—especially young people—understand the deep connections between human, animal and environmental health.

The opinion also seeks to build a new narrative that resonates with citizens: one that links everyday health and prosperity to the resilience of natural ecosystems. By doing so, the EESC aims to support the European Commission’s work on One Health while giving civil society a stronger voice in shaping the agenda.

As Nicoletta Merlo concludes: “One Health is our best defence and our best chance to build a fairer, more resilient Europe. Let’s make it happen for our planet and for all of us.” (ks)