The European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) held a conference underscoring the importance of community engagement in the fight against disinformation. By fostering media literacy, encouraging critical thinking, promoting active communication and leveraging AI as an ally, societies can become resilient to false information and toxic propaganda.

The conference Citizens can defeat disinformation held in Lisbon on 22 May 2025 was the fourth in the EESC’s ongoing project to combat disinformation with the help of civil society. It was organised in cooperation with the Portuguese Economic and Social Council and with the support of the European Commission Representation and the European Parliament Office in Lisbon.

Stressing the crucial role of citizens in this fight, EESC president Oliver Röpke said: ‘To counter disinformation, we must empower citizens and civil society, not only as watchdogs, but also as active participants in democratic resilience.’

As disinformation plays with emotions, it is important to pause and distance oneself before engaging. Participants noted that when something speaks to the audience’s heart, it is important to question the intention and source of the information. Only by not engaging can we reduce the visibility and virality of this content.

As reiterated by the president of the Portuguese Economic and Social Council, Luís Pais Antunes, not only are misinformation and a lack of information challenges for our modern societies, but so too is an excess of information.

The conference signalled the importance of joining forces, stressing that only by acting together, engaging civil society in a systematic way, putting forward action plans for media literacy and ensuring robust legislation can disinformation be defeated, giving way to trustful, fact-based information.

‘Media literacy needs to be taught in schools. This is where the state plays a key role. Democracy means credibility,’ said Aimilios Perdikaris, chair of the Board and General Manager at Athens Macedonian News Agency.

‘Democracy cannot survive without free information and without free, impartial and critical media,’ said Carlos Abreau Amorim, Portugal’s Deputy Minister for Parliamentary Affairs, adding that the Portuguese government would strengthen journalistic ethics, since ‘a lack of credibility in journalism is the greatest ally of disinformation.’

Referring to AI as a massive challenge in the fight against disinformation, Niko Efstathiou, journalist fellow at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism in Oxford, said that AI can create convincing, deepfake news to spread campaigns to the most vulnerable populations. However, AI can also be incredibly useful in scanning through content, so as to detect misinformation in real time. (at)