Internationaler Handel

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Im Bereich des internationalen Handels besteht ein komplexes System weltweiter Regelungen, die im Rahmen von Vereinbarungen der Welthandelsorganisation sowie bilateralen und multilateralen Abkommen beschlossen wurden. Die Freihandelsabkommen wirken sich zunehmend auf die Bürgerrechte aus. Gemäß dem Vertrag von Lissabon muss die EU-Handelspolitik unter Berücksichtigung der Grundsätze und Ziele der Außenpolitik der Union gestaltet werden. Hierzu gehören die Förderung der Rechtsstaatlichkeit, der Menschenrechte und der nachhaltigen Entwicklung.

Der EWSA ist der Auffassung, dass dies ein Leitprinzip für die Handelsverhandlungen und ‑beziehungen der EU sein sollte. Er gewährleistet die Konsensbildung von Unternehmen, Arbeitnehmern, Freiberuflern, Landwirten, Verbrauchern und anderen wichtigen Interessenträgern und schafft damit einen echten Mehrwert. Er leitet die Standpunkte der Zivilgesellschaft und Interessengruppen sowohl bei den Verhandlungen über Handelsabkommen als auch bei deren Umsetzung auf effiziente Weise an die internationalen politischen Entscheidungsträger weiter. Er hat einen Begleitausschuss Internationaler Handel eingerichtet, um sicherzustellen, dass die Zivilgesellschaft in die Gestaltung der EU-Handelspolitik einbezogen wird. Zudem leitet er die Internen Beratungsgruppen, die auf Grundlage der Kapitel „Handel und nachhaltige Entwicklung“ in den EU-Handelsabkommen der neuen Generation eingerichtet wurden. Aufgabe dieser Beratungsgruppen, denen Vertreter der Zivilgesellschaft (u. a. aus den Reihen des EWSA) angehören, ist es, Probleme im Bereich Handel und nachhaltige Entwicklung aufzuzeigen, die bei der Umsetzung eines Handelsabkommens auftreten können.

  • verabschiedet on 25/01/2023 - Bureau decision date: 12/07/2022
    Referenz
    REX/561-EESC-2022-01-01
    Workers - GR II
    Germany
    Plenary session number
    575
    -
    EESC opinion: The power of trade partnerships: together for green and just economic growth
  • verabschiedet on 26/10/2022 - Bureau decision date: 20/01/2022
    Referenz
    REX/551-EESC-2022-01-01
    Workers - GR II
    France
    EESC opinion: Multilateral investor-state arbitration court: assessment of the UNCITRAL process and its achievements in light of civil society recommendations
  • verabschiedet on 20/10/2021 - Bureau decision date: 25/03/2021
    Referenz
    REX/535-EESC-2021-01-01
    Workers - GR II
    Germany
    EESC opinion: Next Generation Trade and Sustainable Development – Reviewing the 15-point action plan (own-initiative opinion)
  • verabschiedet on 07/07/2021 - Bureau decision date: 23/03/2021
    Referenz
    REX/539-EESC-2021-01-01
    (Finland
    Workers - GR II
    France

    Trade Policy Review - An Open, Sustainable and Assertive Trade Policy

    EESC opinion: Trade Policy Review - An Open, Sustainable and Assertive Trade Policy
  • verabschiedet on 18/09/2020 - Bureau decision date: 02/04/2020
    Referenz
    REX/532-EESC-2020-01-01
    Workers - GR II
    Germany

    Key points

    Global supply chains (GSC) are key and complex in economic activities across the world and in global trade. Economic growth, job creation and entrepreneurship are also contested by evidence of negative implications for working conditions as well as for sustainability in some supply chains.

    The COVID-19 crisis has unveiled the serious downfalls related to highly fragmented and undiversified supply chains. It exposed the vulnerability of workers' health and safety, and it highlighted violations of human rights. Trade will have to play a key role in promoting a sustainable economic recovery. However, stronger instruments need to deliver on a socially and environmentally responsible business, trade and investment agenda.

    GSC need to become more resilient, diversified and responsible, and ambitious actions need to ensure they contribute to a fairer economic and social model, based on sustainability and decent work.

    EESC opinion: Sustainable supply chains and decent work in international trade (Exploratory opinion at the request of the German presidency)
  • verabschiedet on 18/09/2020 - Bureau decision date: 20/02/2020
    Referenz
    REX/531-EESC-2020-01-01
    (France
    EESC opinion: Carbon markets: Emergence, structuring and challenges for European industry (own-initiative opinion)
  • verabschiedet on 18/09/2020 - Bureau decision date: 20/02/2020
    Referenz
    NAT/791-EESC-2020-01-01-EESC-2020-01349
    (Ireland

    This opinion deals with three of four megatrends at the heart of the new Commission priorities: climate change, biodiversity loss and globalisation. While the European Green Deal will result in higher environmental standards with, for instance, stricter climate change targets, it is important that all Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) are not undermining these improvements by contributing to deforestation or biodiversity loss in other countries. As one of the world's largest importer of energy, agricultural goods and raw materials, the EU has contributed to deforestation and biodiversity loss in other countries.

    EESC opinion: Compatibility of EU trade policy with the European Green Deal (own-initiative opinion)
  • verabschiedet on 18/09/2020 - Bureau decision date: 20/02/2020
    Referenz
    REX/527-EESC-2020-01-01
    • The common foundation of any EU political engagement leading to an equal development partnership with Africa shall be based on a multidimensional approach, articulating the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the respect of Universal Human Rights (UHRs) - including fundamental rights, the right to a healthy environment and the freedom to conduct a business.
    • The EESC advocates promoting a decent life and good prospects, creating a middle class and supporting equal partnerships by strengthening sustainable social-liberal democratic structures in Africa.
    • The EESC highlights that the EU strategy on Africa must focus on Development and welcomes the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).
    • The EESC reiterates the important role of organised civil society in the up-coming ACP-EU Partnership Agreement.
    • The EESC stresses that long-term investment in intra-African infrastructures makes econom
    EESC opinion: EU and Africa: Making an equal development partnership a reality based on sustainability and common values (own-initiative opinion)
  • verabschiedet on 15/07/2020 - Bureau decision date: 20/02/2020
    Referenz
    REX/529-EESC-2020-01-01
    (France

    The unprecedented magnitude of the COVID crisis requires an unprecedented, long-term and unequivocal response. International trade is a vital tool to finance recovery ge get out of the crisis. In these efforts, the EU must stay true to its values and ensure the protection of businesses, workers and people, leaving no one behind. Recovery must be based on sustainability, and inclusive and green growth. Green Deal measures are therefore more relevant than ever.

    EESC opinion: A post COVID-19 emergency: the design of a New Multilateral Matrix (own-initiative opinion)
  • verabschiedet on 15/07/2020 - Bureau decision date: 21/01/2020
    Referenz
    REX/525-EESC-2020-01-01
    Workers - GR II
    Germany
    (Italy

    The Covid-19 impact is having a profound and unprecedented impact and Europe needs to respond with a strong, social, sustainable and inclusive EU Recovery Plan that will support companies and people. The upcoming early EU Trade Strategy review needs to draw important lessons from this crisis. The EU is not self-sufficient and depends on access to international markets. It needs resilient, diversified and responsible Global supply chains. Stronger instruments need to deliver on a sustainable trade and investment agenda in all its dimensions. It needs to be consistent with the Green Deal and show equal ambition on the effective implementation and enforcement of labour provisions. European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) recommendations made in a series of recent and ongoing key opinions on EU trade must inform this strategy review.

    EESC opinion: Implementation of Free Trade Agreements 1 January 2018 - 31 December 2018