Internationaler Handel

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Im Bereich des internationalen Handels besteht ein komplexes System weltweiter Regelungen, die im Rahmen von Vereinbarungen der Welthandelsorganisation sowie bilateralen und multilateralen Abkommen beschlossen wurden. Die Freihandelsabkommen wirken sich zunehmend auf die Bürgerrechte aus. Gemäß dem Vertrag von Lissabon muss die EU-Handelspolitik unter Berücksichtigung der Grundsätze und Ziele der Außenpolitik der Union gestaltet werden. Hierzu gehören die Förderung der Rechtsstaatlichkeit, der Menschenrechte und der nachhaltigen Entwicklung.

Der EWSA ist der Auffassung, dass dies ein Leitprinzip für die Handelsverhandlungen und ‑beziehungen der EU sein sollte. Er gewährleistet die Konsensbildung von Unternehmen, Arbeitnehmern, Freiberuflern, Landwirten, Verbrauchern und anderen wichtigen Interessenträgern und schafft damit einen echten Mehrwert. Er leitet die Standpunkte der Zivilgesellschaft und Interessengruppen sowohl bei den Verhandlungen über Handelsabkommen als auch bei deren Umsetzung auf effiziente Weise an die internationalen politischen Entscheidungsträger weiter. Er hat einen Begleitausschuss Internationaler Handel eingerichtet, um sicherzustellen, dass die Zivilgesellschaft in die Gestaltung der EU-Handelspolitik einbezogen wird. Zudem leitet er die Internen Beratungsgruppen, die auf Grundlage der Kapitel „Handel und nachhaltige Entwicklung“ in den EU-Handelsabkommen der neuen Generation eingerichtet wurden. Aufgabe dieser Beratungsgruppen, denen Vertreter der Zivilgesellschaft (u. a. aus den Reihen des EWSA) angehören, ist es, Probleme im Bereich Handel und nachhaltige Entwicklung aufzuzeigen, die bei der Umsetzung eines Handelsabkommens auftreten können.

  • verabschiedet on 11/12/2019 - Bureau decision date: 24/01/2019
    Referenz
    REX/518-EESC-2019-01-01
    Workers - GR II
    Austria

    A system of corporate liability for human rights abuses is currently being negotiated in the UN, within the UNHRC’s open-ended intergovernmental working group on transnational corporations and other business enterprises concerning human rights (OEIGWG), established by the UN General Assembly on 26 June 2014. The mandate of the working group is to elaborate an international legally binding instrument to regulate, in international human rights law, the activities of transnational corporations and other business enterprises.

    EESC opinion: Binding UN treaty on business and human rights (own-initiative opinion)
  • verabschiedet on 30/10/2019 - Bureau decision date: 24/01/2019
    Referenz
    REX/517-EESC-2019-01-01
    EESC opinion: The role of the EU's trade and investment policies in enhancing the EU's economic performance (own-initiative opinion)
  • verabschiedet on 26/09/2019 - Bureau decision date: 24/01/2019
    Referenz
    REX/521-EESC-2019-01-01
    (Austria
    EESC opinion: International Trade and Tourism - A Global Agenda for Sustainable Development (own-initiative opinion)
  • verabschiedet on 23/01/2019 - Bureau decision date: 12/07/2018
    Referenz
    REX/509-EESC-2018-01-01
    (France

    The European Economic and Social Committee would like to reiterate its commitment to the WTO as the guardian of international trade and a crucible for developing rules and disciplines to ensure fair trade, the liberalisation of trade in goods and services, and transparency in trade-related policy-making.

    EESC opinion: Reforming the WTO to adapt to developments in world trade (own-initiative opinion)
  • verabschiedet on 23/01/2019 - Bureau decision date: 10/07/2018
    Referenz
    REX/510-EESC-2018-01-01-EESC-2018-05144-00-00-AC-TRA
    (Italy

    Key points:

    The EU today faces an increasing demand for a constructive dialogue with civil society on trade, as seen with CETA and TTIP. Domestic advisory groups (DAG) are a great way to connect citizens with trade issues. DAG should responsibly advise on all aspects of EU Trade Agreements.

    Domestic advisory groups should be advisory, consultative, institutionalized and competent to cover all provisions of FTAs.

    The EESC considers that the participation of civil society in all FTAs is an indispensable element in the strategic ambitions of the external policies of the EU.

    The EESC considers its participation in DAGs valuable and wishes to continue to be part of all of them.

    The EESC asks budgetary authorities for an additional budget to support Domestic Advisory Groups to fulfil the expected work in terms of quantity and quality.

    EESC opinion: The role of Domestic Advisory Groups in monitoring the implementation of Free Trade Agreements
  • verabschiedet on 12/12/2018 - Bureau decision date: 13/11/2017
    Referenz
    REX/501-EESC-2017-01-01
    (Belgium
    Workers - GR II
    Germany
    EESC opinion: Multilateral Investment Court
  • verabschiedet on 18/04/2018 - Bureau decision date: 19/09/2017
    Referenz
    REX/498-EESC-2017-01-01
    Workers - GR II
    Germany
    Employers - GR I
    Lithuania

    The EU has one of the world's most open investment regimes, and collectively EU Member States have the fewest restrictions in the world on foreign direct investment (FDI). The OECD expressly acknowledged this in its FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness Index which measures statutory barriers against foreign investment in over 60 countries.

    The Commission's reflection paper of 10 May 2017 on Harnessing Globalisation recognised increasing concerns about foreign investors' strategic acquisitions of European companies with key technologies. These concerns called into question the capacity of the current regulatory framework to address them.

    EESC opinion: Screening of foreign direct investments into the European Union
  • verabschiedet on 14/02/2018 - Bureau decision date: 19/10/2017
    Referenz
    REX/500-EESC-2017-01-01
    Workers - GR II
    Germany

    The EESC has played an important role in raising awareness of EU trade policy among civil society both in the EU and in third countries. The EESC encourages the Commission to strengthen its dialogue with civil society to develop the functioning of TSD chapters in current and future trade agreements. However, the EESC urges the Commission to be more ambitious in its approach, in particular with respect to strengthening effective enforceability of the commitments in TSD chapters, which is of crucial importance to the EESC. TSD chapters must be given equal weight to those covering commercial, technical or tariff issues.

    EESC opinion: Trade and sustainable development chapters (TSD) in EU Free Trade agreements (FTA) (own-initiative opinion)
  • verabschiedet on 07/12/2017 - Bureau decision date: 24/01/2017
    Referenz
    REX/485-EESC-2017-01-01-EESC-2017-00788-00-00-AC-TRA
    (United Kingdom

    The Commission recently published a Communication on a Renewed Partnership with the ACP Group of countries. ACP-EU relations are currently governed by the Cotonou Partnership Agreement that will expire in 2020, therefore the Commission has published recommendations on what the future structure should be. Last year the EESC already drafted a general opinion on the post-Cotonou framework; this new opinion will have to answer specifically to the Commission's communication.

     

    EESC opinion: Renewed partnership with African, Caribbean and Pacific countries (Communication)
    Renewed ACP Partnership
  • verabschiedet on 07/12/2017 - Bureau decision date: 26/01/2017
    Referenz
    REX/486-EESC-2017-01-01
    (United Kingdom
    Workers - GR II
    France

    The 2030 UN Agenda, or the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, will be one of the top global priorities over the next 15 years, yet it received very little mention in the Commission Communication "Trade for all". Trade is specifically mentioned with regard to nine SDGs (but only once in the MDGs). UNCTAD estimate that, to meet the 17 goals and the 169 targets, at least an extra US$2.5 trillion a year will need to be found - effectively from the private sector. This opinion would seek to look into this further and aim to evaluate how much of that will need to come through trade and investment.

    EESC opinion: The core role of trade and investment in meeting and implementing the sustainable development goals (own-initiative opinion)