11-year-old Jan Štuka from Zagreb, Croatia, has spina bifida and can only walk with the help of braces and a walker, but this is not stopping him from being an accomplished athlete. Winner of the award for the best young Croatian para basketball player in 2023, Jan also competed in swimming and now practices Nordic skiing. In his spare time, he plays football with his friends, scoring goals with his hand. Jan and his mother Jasmina Bogdanović talked to us about sports opportunities for children with disabilities and explained why it is important to treat them as little as possible as people who have special needs.
JAN:
When did you start doing sports and what sports have you practiced so far?
I started swimming at the swimming school when I was two. At the age of four, I moved to the Natator Para Swimming Club, where I learned all the swimming techniques and participated in some competitions. I dropped out when I was 11 because I got a bit bored.
When I was eight, I began with para Nordic skiing and started playing basketball in a wheelchair. I still practice both and they are now my favourite sports.
I also tried rock climbing a couple of times and it was great, but I don't have time to practice this sport too. Also, I did a Krav Maga training cycle for one summer. It was great and I would like to do it again occasionally in the future.
What awards have you won and which one means the most to you?
I have won several awards with the basketball club, and my favourite is the award for the best young para athlete of 2023 in my category, which is awarded by the Zagreb Para Sports Association.
What does your day look like when you have training? How much do you usually train each week?
I go to school in the morning. After school, I first do my homework and go out with my friends, and in the evening I attend one of the training sessions. Until now, I have been going to dry-land ski training once a week, basketball once a week and swimming 1-2 times a week. From this school year, I will stop swimming and boost skiing training to 2-3 times a week.
In the winter, I also go to ski camps in Planica in Slovenia and to some of the Austrian ski resorts. I like those camps because my friends also go, so besides training we also have a great chance to socialise.
With basketball, we sometimes go to matches in other cities around Croatia. Last fall, we were also in Rome and played a match against the Lazio basketball team.
Do you have any male or female athletes that you admire? Do you want to participate in an important international sports competition one day?
My favourite athlete used to be Luka Modrić, but at the moment I have no idols, so I don't follow anyone in particular.
I would love to participate in international sports competitions...I hope in both basketball and skiing.
JASMINA:
How much attention is paid to sports for children with disabilities in Croatia?
As a parent, it seems to me that much attention is indeed being paid. Unfortunately, parents are not sufficiently informed about the possibilities, and the clubs are crying out for new members, and it is a pity that it is the way it is. Of course, the situation is much more favourable in bigger cities.
Does a child with a disability have enough opportunities and incentives to play sports, or does it require a great deal of parental involvement?
Children have opportunities and incentives... if they and their parents want it. As I said, parents are less informed, and some of them either don't want additional commitments or are afraid that the child will get injured playing sports... It's a shame that they think this way. Otherwise, playing sports for people with disabilities is free and, in my opinion, very stimulating for both physical and mental health, and certainly for social integration. I wouldn't say that the parents' involvement is greater than with healthy children of the same age. There are of course exceptions related to a specific diagnosis: for example, Jan still needs to be accompanied by one of us when he goes to winter ski camps or to away games, but as he grows up, this will probably decrease and hopefully become optional from our perspective. The goal is to become independent in all of this. He does regular training without our assistance.
What would you add as a parent of a child with special needs?
Treat them as little as possible as having special needs and include them in daily activities in accordance with their age and capabilities, so they will perceive themselves as such. They will have an image of themselves as normal children who do some things 'a little differently', but they still do them! Jan rides a bicycle with three wheels, not two; he swims and dives like all his peers, but he uses his legs less or not at all; he plays football with the team, but he shoots at the goal with his hand. 'We can do everything, we might just do some things a little differently' - if they accept themselves that way, others will accept them that way too.
Jan Štuka is an 11-year-old student from Zagreb, currently in year five of primary school. He was a member of the Natator Swimming Club. He is a member of KKI Zagreb (basketball in wheelchairs) and the Monoski Zagreb Ski Club for people with disabilities, where he regularly trains in the Nordic skiing programme for people with disabilities.
Jasmina Bogdanović has a degree in design from the School of Design at the Faculty of Architecture in Zagreb. She worked in different marketing agencies for 20 years. She currently works part time and remotely in a small graphics studio, which allows her to accompany Jan to ski camps and during his other sports endeavours. She is also a passionate cyclist who goes everywhere by bike.
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